Over the past decade, the Government of India has built a robust ecosystem of open, interoperable and inclusive digital platforms that have transformed public service delivery, promoted financial inclusion, fostered innovation and created new opportunities for citizens and businesses. The government’s vision now extends beyond domestic digital transformation towards building a globally connected, trusted and inclusive digital ecosystem. Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) was one of the key priority areas of the Digital Economy Working Group (DEWG) meetings during India’s G20 Presidency in 2023. The G20 New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration explicitly recognised DPI, as a development accelerator for economic growth.
In furtherance of this vision, the Government of India has signed MoUs with 24 countries for cooperation in sharing successful population-scale digital solutions to accelerate digital transformation globally. These MoUs provide a framework for cooperation in capacity building, knowledge and best-practice exchange, joint workshops and expert consultations, feasibility and e-readiness assessments, and the development, piloting and scaling of proven digital solutions. The country-wise list of signed MoUs is provided at Annexure-I.
The Government of India has undertaken virtual consultations and technical workshops with partner countries to showcase India Stack and other population-scale digital solutions and identify areas of interest. Based on the solutions identified, detailed technical discussions have held with the concerned Indian technical agencies and partner countries including feasibility studies to assess the readiness of the partner country’s digital ecosystem. Significant progress has been achieved with countries of the Global South, including the conclusion of Implementation Framework Agreement (IFA) and a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) with Kenya for implementation of DigiLocker. Development of a foundational DigiLocker solution in Cuba has also commenced.
Further, under the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) programme of MEA, a course on DPI was conducted for Cuban delegation in December 2025. Additionally, bilateral consultations have progressed with partner countries such as Lao PDR, Seychelles, Venezuela, Armenia, Fiji, Guyana Colombia for the potential adoption of key Indian digital solutions, including e-Sanjeevani, e-Office, e-Hospital etc. Moreover, Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is linked with the payment systems of various countries to facilitate Person-to-Person (P2P) remittances and Person-to-Merchant (P2M) transactions. The details of countries using UPI along with Partner institutions are provided at Annexure-II.
The Government regularly facilitates study visits and technical interactions for foreign delegations, enabling them to engage with key institutions like Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), National e-Governance Division (NeGD), National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), National Informatics Centre (NIC), Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), etc. These engagements enable partner countries to discuss implementation challenges and draw on India’s experience in developing its Digital Public Infrastructure. Some of the recent study visits include delegations from Kenya, Rwanda, Nepal, Indonesia, and South Africa.
The Government has also approved the Social Impact Fund (SIF), which is a government led, multistakeholder initiative to provide financial support and technical assistance for DPI pilot implementation in the Global Southparticularly in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs).
